:root {
  /* Brand Palette: DeepMind/Toss inspired - Cold, Crisp, Professional */
  --bg-deep: #0a0a0a;
  --bg-surface: #141414;
  --bg-mist: #f8f9fa;
  --bg-offwhite: #ffffff;
  
  --ink-primary: #1a1a1a;
  --ink-secondary: #4a4a4a;
  --ink-ghost: #8a8a8a;
  
  --white-primary: #ffffff;
  --white-secondary: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
  --white-ghost: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
  
  --accent: #2e5cff; /* Restrained Cool Accent */
  --accent-soft: rgba(46, 92, 255, 0.1);
  
  --line-dark: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  --line-light: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
  
  --container: 1440px;
  --radius-sm: 4px;
  --radius-md: 8px;
  --radius-lg: 12px;
  
  /* Toss-like spacing & scale */
  --shadow-sm: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
  --shadow-md: 0 4px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  background-color: var(--bg-offwhite);
  color: var(--ink-primary);
  font-family: "Instrument Sans", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
  line-height: 1.5;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

img,
video {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
}

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: opacity 0.2s ease;
}

a:hover {
  opacity: 0.7;
}

/* Base Headings - Unified to San-serif */
h1, h2, h3, h4 {
  font-family: "Instrument Sans", sans-serif;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin: 0;
}

/* Layout Containers */
.hero-inner,
.section-inner,
.footer-inner {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  width: min(calc(100% - 64px), var(--container));
  margin: 0 auto;
}

/* Header & Navigation */
.hero-shell {
  position: relative;
  background-color: var(--bg-deep);
  color: var(--white-primary);
  padding: 40px 0 120px;
}

.topline {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  margin-bottom: 80px;
}

.top-mark {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.top-nav {
  display: flex;
  gap: 32px;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--white-secondary);
}

/* Hero Section */
.hero-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.1fr 0.9fr;
  gap: 80px;
  align-items: start;
}

.hero-copy {
  max-width: 720px;
}

.hero-name {
  font-size: clamp(4rem, 8vw, 7.5rem);
  line-height: 0.9;
  margin-bottom: 40px;
  color: var(--white-primary);
}

.hero-thesis {
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 2.5rem);
  line-height: 1.1;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  color: var(--white-primary);
}

.hero-summary {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  max-width: 480px;
  color: var(--white-secondary);
  margin-bottom: 64px;
}

/* Hero Rail - Condensed info */
.hero-rail {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 32px;
  padding-top: 40px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-dark);
}

.rail-group {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 100px 1fr;
  gap: 24px;
  align-items: baseline;
}

.rail-status {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.status-yt {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  color: var(--white-secondary);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.status-yt:hover {
  color: var(--white-primary);
  opacity: 1;
}

.icon-yt {
  width: 18px;
  height: 18px;
  color: var(--accent); /* Restrained cool accent for branding */
}

.status-sep {
  color: var(--white-ghost);
  font-weight: 300;
}

.status-venues {
  display: flex;
  gap: 8px;
}

.venue-tag {
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  padding: 2px 8px;
  background-color: var(--bg-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--line-dark);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  color: var(--white-secondary);
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}

.rail-label {
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: var(--white-ghost);
}

.rail-value {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--white-secondary);
}

.hero-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 20px;
}

.hero-links a {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--white-primary);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--white-ghost);
}

/* Hero Visual */
.hero-stage {
  margin: 0;
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
  background-color: var(--bg-surface);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  overflow: hidden;
}

.hero-stage video,
.hero-stage img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

/* Hero Principles Strip */
.hero-principles {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 40px;
  margin-top: 120px;
  padding-top: 40px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-dark);
}

.principle-item {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 8px;
}

.principle-index {
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--white-ghost);
}

.principle-item h3 {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--white-primary);
}

.principle-item p {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--white-secondary);
}

/* Section Common */
.section-shell {
  padding: 120px 0;
  background-color: var(--bg-offwhite);
}

.section-label {
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: var(--accent);
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.section-title {
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 4.5rem);
  line-height: 1.05;
  color: var(--ink-primary);
  max-width: 20ch;
}

/* Selected Publications - 2 Column Grid */
.feature-list {
  margin-top: 80px;
  display: grid !important;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr) !important; /* Forces 2 columns */
  gap: 80px 40px;
}

.feature-row, 
.feature-row-reverse {
  display: flex !important;
  flex-direction: column !important; /* Media top, Copy bottom */
  gap: 24px;
  padding: 0;
  border: none;
  width: 100%;
}

.feature-row-reverse .feature-media,
.feature-row .feature-media {
  order: -1; /* Always media first */
  width: 100%;
}

.feature-row-reverse .feature-copy,
.feature-row .feature-copy {
  order: 1;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 100%;
}

.feature-media {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  background-color: #1a1a1a;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.feature-copy {
  max-width: 100%;
}

.feature-copy h3 {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  line-height: 1.2;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.feature-authors {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.feature-official-title {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--ink-secondary);
  line-height: 1.4;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.feature-blurb {
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

/* Mobile adjustments for grid */
@media (max-width: 960px) {
  .feature-list {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 60px;
  }
}

.feature-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 16px;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  color: var(--ink-primary);
}

.feature-links a {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-light);
}

.feature-links span {
  color: var(--ink-ghost);
}

/* Research Archive (Project Highlights) */
.section-highlights {
  background-color: var(--bg-mist);
  padding: 120px 0;
  color: var(--ink-primary);
}

.highlight-band {
  margin-top: 80px;
  padding-top: 40px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-light);
}

.band-head {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.band-head h3 {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  color: var(--ink-primary);
  margin-top: 8px;
}

.band-index {
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--accent);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
}

.band-controls {
  display: flex;
  gap: 8px;
}

.scroller-button {
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--line-light);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--ink-primary);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.scroller-button:hover:not(:disabled) {
  background: var(--ink-primary);
  color: var(--white-primary);
  border-color: var(--ink-primary);
}

.scroller-button:disabled {
  opacity: 0.2;
  cursor: default;
}

.project-window {
  overflow: hidden;
}

.project-track {
  display: flex;
  gap: 24px;
  overflow-x: auto;
  scroll-snap-type: x mandatory;
  scrollbar-width: none;
  padding-bottom: 20px;
}

.project-track::-webkit-scrollbar {
  display: none;
}

.project-card {
  flex: 0 0 400px;
  scroll-snap-align: start;
}

.project-media {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  background-color: #1a1a1a; /* Darker grey instead of pure black */
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  overflow: hidden;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}

.project-media img,
.project-media video {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: contain; /* Mandated: no crop */
}

.project-body h4 {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  line-height: 1.3;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  color: var(--ink-primary);
}

.project-date {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--ink-ghost);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.project-text {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--ink-secondary);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.project-skills {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.skill-tag {
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 3px 10px;
  background-color: transparent; /* Clean outline style */
  color: #555; /* Dark grey font */
  border: 1px solid #d1d1d1; /* Refined grey outline */
  border-radius: 4px;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.skill-tag:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  color: var(--accent);
}

.project-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 12px;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-primary);
}

.project-links a {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-light);
}

.project-links span {
  color: var(--ink-ghost);
}

/* Public Signal */
.signal-grid {
  margin-top: 80px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 80px;
}

.signal-column {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 40px;
}

.signal-editorial h3 {
  font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3.5vw, 2.5rem);
  line-height: 1.1;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.editorial-category {
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--accent);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.editorial-text {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--ink-secondary);
  margin-bottom: 32px;
}

.editorial-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 24px;
}

.editorial-links a {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-primary);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-light);
}

.signal-figure {
  margin: 0;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  overflow: hidden;
  background-color: var(--bg-mist);
}

.signal-figure img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 0.4s ease, filter 0.4s ease;
  filter: grayscale(0.8);
}

.signal-figure:hover img {
  transform: scale(1.02);
  filter: grayscale(0);
}

.signal-sub {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 48px;
}

.demo-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 180px 1fr;
  gap: 24px;
  align-items: start;
}

.demo-figure {
  margin: 0;
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background-color: var(--bg-mist);
}

.demo-figure img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  filter: grayscale(1);
  transition: filter 0.3s ease;
}

.demo-item:hover .demo-figure img {
  filter: grayscale(0);
}

.demo-info h4 {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  color: var(--ink-primary);
}

.demo-info p {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--ink-secondary);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.demo-link {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--accent-soft);
}

/* Footer */
.footer-shell {
  padding: 120px 0;
  background-color: var(--bg-deep);
  color: var(--white-primary);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-dark);
}

.footer-inner {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 80px;
}

.footer-card {
  display: flex;
  gap: 40px;
  align-items: start;
}

.footer-card img {
  width: 140px;
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  filter: grayscale(1); /* Mandated: colder tone */
}

.footer-copy h2 {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  line-height: 1.1;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.footer-copy p {
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--white-secondary);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.footer-rail {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 40px;
}

.rail-item {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 8px;
}

.footer-links {
  margin-top: 24px;
  display: flex;
  gap: 24px;
}

.footer-links a {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--white-primary);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--white-ghost);
}

/* Reveal Animations */
.reveal {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(20px);
  transition: opacity 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1), transform 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}

.reveal.is-visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 1200px) {
  .hero-layout,
  .feature-row,
  .signal-grid,
  .footer-inner {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 60px;
  }

  .hero-principles {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 32px;
    margin-top: 80px;
  }

  .hero-inner,
  .section-inner,
  .footer-inner {
    width: min(calc(100% - 48px), var(--container));
  }

  .hero-stage {
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
    order: -1; /* Image on top in mobile */
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .hero-stage img.hero-image {
    transform: scale(1.2);
    transform-origin: top left; /* Scale from top-left to push the bottom-right out of view */
  }
  .hero-stage {
    overflow: hidden; /* Ensure the enlarged image doesn't bleed out */
  }
  .topline {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 24px;
    margin-bottom: 60px;
  }

  .top-nav {
    gap: 16px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
  }

  .hero-name {
    font-size: clamp(3rem, 12vw, 5rem);
    margin-bottom: 32px;
  }

  .hero-summary {
    margin-bottom: 48px;
  }

  .rail-group {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 12px;
  }

  .section-shell {
    padding: 80px 0;
  }

  .section-title {
    font-size: 2.2rem;
  }

  .feature-list {
    margin-top: 60px;
    gap: 60px;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
  }

  .feature-row,
  .feature-row-reverse {
    gap: 12px !important;
  }

  .feature-copy h3 {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
  }

  .feature-blurb {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
  }

  .highlight-band {
    margin-top: 60px;
  }

  .band-head {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 20px;
  }

  .project-card {
    flex: 0 0 88vw;
  }

  .signal-grid {
    gap: 48px;
  }

  .signal-editorial h3 {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
  }

  .signal-sub {
    gap: 40px;
  }

  .footer-shell {
    padding: 80px 0;
  }

  .footer-card {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 32px;
  }

  .footer-card img {
    width: 120px;
  }

  .footer-copy h2 {
    font-size: 2.2rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .demo-item {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 16px;
  }

  .demo-figure {
    width: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
  }

  .editorial-links {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 16px;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .reveal {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
    transition: none;
  }
}

/* ===== MICRO-ANIMATIONS (Cute & Edgy) ===== */

/* 1. Top Mark (Name) - Edge glow & stretch */
.top-mark {
  transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.25, 1, 0.5, 1);
}
.top-mark:hover {
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
  color: var(--white-primary);
  text-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
}

/* 2. Nav Links - Subtle lift */
.top-nav a {
  transition: all 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.25, 1, 0.5, 1);
}
.top-nav a:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* 3. Hero Links - Lift */
.hero-links a {
  transition: transform 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.25, 1, 0.5, 1), color 0.2s ease;
  display: inline-block;
}
.hero-links a:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  color: var(--white-primary);
}

/* 4. Venue Tags - Cute pop & invert */
.venue-tag {
  transition: all 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.68, -0.55, 0.265, 1.55); /* Bouncy */
}
.venue-tag:hover {
  transform: scale(1.1);
  background-color: var(--white-secondary);
  color: var(--bg-default);
}

/* 5. Featured Media - Slow elegant zoom */
.feature-row:hover .feature-media video,
.feature-row:hover .feature-media img,
.feature-row-reverse:hover .feature-media video,
.feature-row-reverse:hover .feature-media img {
  transform: scale(1.03);
}
.feature-media video,
.feature-media img {
  transition: transform 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}

/* 6. Project Items - Hover lift & shadow */
.project-item {
  transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.25, 1, 0.5, 1);
  will-change: transform, background-color;
}
.project-item:hover {
  transform: translateY(-6px);
  background-color: var(--bg-surface-hover);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
}

/* 7. YouTube Status Icon - Cute rotate & color */
.status-yt .icon-yt {
  transition: transform 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.68, -0.55, 0.265, 1.55), color 0.3s ease;
  transform-origin: center;
}
.status-yt:hover .icon-yt {
  transform: scale(1.2) rotate(15deg);
  color: #ff0000;
}

/* 8. Footer Social Icons - Scale */
.social-link svg {
  transition: transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.68, -0.55, 0.265, 1.55);
}
.social-link:hover svg {
  transform: scale(1.15);
}